![]() SMB, CIFS, SMB2, DFSN, LSARPC, NbtSS, NetLogonR, SamR, and SrvSvc protocols and services are most likely to be found on these ports. Microsoft Active Directory and Domain Services use this port for file replication, user and computer authentication, group policy, and trusts. TCP and UDP protocols both use port 445 for numerous Microsoft services. Microsoft directory services, often known as Microsoft-DS, use port 445. From Windows 2000 forward, Microsoft changed SMB to use port 445. Simply put, Windows uses port 445 for file sharing across the network. This situation might be anyone on the internet, but it is not a recommended alternative because of security concerns. NetBIOS, which stands for Network Basic Input/Output System, is a service on the OSI model’s session layer that allows applications to communicate within a local network (LAN). Before Windows 2000, most operating systems used TCP 139, with SMB running on top of NetBIOS. Port 139 is used by the NetBIOS session service. Other operating systems, such as Unix, Linux, and OS/2, use Samba to connect and provide file-sharing services within a network by speaking the same language as SMB. It would make dealing with networked systems worldwide a lot easier. A user accessing data on their hard drive would set up a file-sharing system. The SMB protocol establishes communication between clients and servers by sending and receiving request-response messages. SMB3 included significant protocol modifications such as the SMB Direct Protocol (SMB over RDMA) and SMB Multichannel (many connections per SMB session), which improved SMB2 performance, particularly in virtualized data centers. With Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, SMB 3.0 (also known as SMB 2.2) was released. SMB 2.1 was released alongside Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 and included minor upgrades. Microsoft introduced “durable file handles,” which allowed the connection to an SMB server to survive brief network failure frequently seen in wireless networks by enabling clients to reconnect to servers transparently. Performance improvements involved allowing larger block sizes, thus improving large file transfers. SMB2 supported many other improvements like TCP window scaling and WAN acceleration, opportunistic locking, and a feature known as “ pipelining” to enable multiple requests to be queued simultaneously. The term CIFS become redundant, as it only applied to SMB version 1.0 SMB2.0 had many improvements over SMB 1.0, particularly reducing the “chattiness” of the protocol by reducing the number of commands and subcommands from hundreds to nineteen. Microsoft released SMB2 with Windows Vista in 2006. ![]() (Which version of the SMB protocol are you using? Source: Jose Barreto) The protocol was “chatty,” which resulted in poor performance over long distances or when there was a lag between client and server.Īround this time, the Samba project was born to reverse-engineer the SMB/CIFS protocol and developed an SMB server that would allow MS-DOS clients to access files on Unix machines. SMB/early CIFS’s implementation had several flaws that limited its applicability to managing small files for end-users. ![]() SMB 1.0 was renamed CIFS (Common Internet File System), and Microsoft published some draft standards to the Internet Engineering Task Force ( IETF), though those have expired. ![]() History of SMBĭuring the mid-1990s, Microsoft incorporated SMB in their LAN Manager product, which IBM initially built. File, print, and device sharing are just a few of the network functions enabled by SMB. The SMB (Server Message Block) protocol provides for “client-server communication,” allowing programs and services on networked computers to communicate. ![]()
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